Family and Substance Abuse Paper - 1230 Words

Running head: FAMILY AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE PAPER Family and Substance Abuse Paper Launita J. Grand Canyon University March 11, 2013 Family and Substance Abuse Paper When an individual has a disorder with substance abuse and how family is involved, it can be a very uncomfortable situation for both the abuser and family members. When the abuser is an adolescent, the program may need consent from the adolescent before communicating with the parent, whether the communication is over the course of counseling or a one time communication (TIP 31). Both drugs and alcohol affects both sides because an addiction will create problems with communication. When one seeks help for his or her addiction, the entire family should be involved if†¦show more content†¦Ancient Aztecs would use alcohol before contact with whit settlers. The usage was only for ceremonial purposes and if they used it other wise, it was forbidden under penalty of death. Peyote used for ceremonial setting to treat chronic alcohol addiction. Later the central part of Native American church would use it for spiritual treatments for chronic alcoholism (Abbott, 2008). Native America n elders believe that the loss of traditional culture was related to substance abuse. Those who are closer to non-Native Americans have higher rates of substance use. Abbott (2008) states that the lowest rates are in bicultural individuals who are comfortable with both sets of cultural values. Immigrants who have moved from their origin of birth have changes their set of cultural norms and values. This is seen in Hispanics who have moved to the United States. Most of the women who are sensitive to changes are Cuban American, Puerto Rican, and Mexican American women. They state their drinking behavior has increased because of the dominant society. Washington State conducted a study that showed an accelerated abuse of alcohol and use of illegal drugs within the Hispanic culture. The increase was 7.2%, which was compared with less than 1% of others and 6.4% of whites (Abbott, 2008). Interventions that counselors can conduct when working with families of substance abusing adolescents, is family therapy because it can focus on a wide variety of problems. OtherShow MoreRelatedCulturally Adapted Family Treatment Paper1130 Words   |  5 PagesCULTURALLY ADAPTED FAMILY TREATMENT PAPER Culturally Adapted Family Treatment Paper Launita J. Grand Canyon University October 10, 2012 Culturally Adapted Family Treatment Paper When an individual is suffering with a substance abuse disorder it affects the entire family. One’s family must come together to help his or her loved one to overcome and achieve the necessary goals in life to sustain his or her addiction. Within this paper one will locate the integrated concepts of family structure andRead MoreEssay on Adolescent Substance Abuse1656 Words   |  7 PagesRunning Header: Substance Abuse Adolescent Substance Abuse Dana Sweitzer Liberty University Abstract Adolescent substance abuse is a major problem in society. There are many risk factors that can contribute to adolescent substance abuse. One of the main risk factors is peer pressure. When adolescents start at a young age there is an increase in health problems, addiction, and over all poor social outcomes. Parental influence has substantial effect on adolescents because the adolescent seesRead MoreAdolescent Drug Abuse And Alcohol1426 Words   |  6 PagesDrug Abuse Adolescent Drug Abuse and Alcohol Nyria Madison Liberty University Coun 620 Abstract Around the world we are finding that most adolescent are experiencing drugs and alcohol. This has been a huge issue for years. This has become a trend in society as of today. This paper will discuss the perspective of adolescent alcohol and drugs. This paper will also identify and inform you on the common predictors of adolescent substance abuse. SubstanceRead MoreDetrimental Social Problems: Substance Abuse Essays1197 Words   |  5 PagesSubstance abuse is one of the most detrimental social problems found in all societies. It has been the leading cause for generational breakdowns of families and communities, and is probably the most controversial social problem when developing corrective solutions. Substance abuse can be defined as the chemical dependence, or pattern of usage of both legal and illegal substances, that has adverse physical, psychological, and psychomotor effects on the human body. The use of substances does not alwaysRead MoreAlcohol Abuse Within Native American So cieties Essay1303 Words   |  6 PagesSubstance abuse is a topic most prefer not to discuss; it destroys lives, relationships and families all over the world. Native Americans seem to have suffered immensely by it. Since the coming of the Englishmen and the introduction of new knowledge and tools Native people have been trying to hold on to their own culture and their own way of life. Unfortunately with them came new items for consumption, alcohol was one of the main ingredients to the internal downfall of Native populations. NativeRead MoreSubstance Abuse Paper1198 Words   |  5 PagesSubstance abuse is one of the most common comorbid conditions among individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia (Schwartz et al., 2007). Previous studies have shown that nicotine, alcohol, and cannabis were the most frequently used substances in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia, followed by cocaine and amphetamine. Individuals with substance use disorders have negative long-term outcomes and poorer overall quality of life. Researchers suggest that substance abuse complicates individuals withRead MoreEssay on Substance Abuse Effects on Children1052 Words   |  5 Pagesfunding not being an issue, this paper will seek to create a treatment/prevention program for those who have been affected by the effects of substance abuse/addiction. Additionally, it will seek to describe a comprehensive model for treating this population. The mission would be to eliminate the devastating impact of substance abuse on those affected: chemically dependent individuals, those with a history of substance abuse/misuse, families/children and communities. The goalRead MoreChild Protective Services : The Role Of Substance Abuse, Intimate Partner Violence And Race909 Words   |  4 PagesEngagement in Child Protective Services: The Role of substance Abuse, Intimate Partner Violence and Race Engagement can be defined in many ways including, attendance, participation, collaboration, compliance and motivation. Parents play a huge role in their children’s life, but, sometimes parents do not engage much with their children which can face significant negative consequences. Substance abuse affects lives in a negative way therefore, parents should be more engaging with their children soRead MoreSubstance Abuse And Addictive Behaviors760 Words   |  4 Pagesneeds of these students. Therefore, this paper discusses and evaluates the causes of addictions and addictive behaviors, analyzes possible sings of substance abuse and addiction in students, and designs and evaluates prevention, intervention, and treatment strategies for students with commonly found addictions. Further, this paper presents a hypothetical case study and applies effective counseling skills and strategies for helping a student with a substance use issue. Etiology of Addictions andRead MoreThe Effects Of Drug Abuse On American Soil Essay1539 Words   |  7 Pageselusive foe on our home soil. The current epidemic of drug abuse claims the lives of thousands of Americans without any discrimination or bias. The decades old â€Å"war on drugs† has done little to hinder the devastating carnage of widespread drug abuse decimating today’s youth. This affliction hits home for almost all of us to at least some extent. The enemy is known, we as a country however have yet to devise an accurate plan to defeat it. This paper delves into the current polysubstance dependence epidemic

The Novel Of Mice And Men By John Steinbeck - 1041 Words

At one point in life, everyone will have to sacrifice something. Nothing in life comes free. Whether it means sacrificing a loved one, or oneself. Sacrifice often leads to loneliness. It’s human nature to desire companionship, or find a way to cope with loneliness. The purpose of this essay is to explain how the novel Of Mice and Men, by John Steinbeck, introduces this topic and tells how different characters deal with sacrifice, and soon isolation. In the face of sacrifice and isolation, some confide in others for strength, some oppress those weaker to feel powerful. The theme of this novel is solitude, and how it’s dealt with. The first example is Candy. Candy, an old handyworker, sacrifices his brittle, foul-smelling, and toothless dog.†¦show more content†¦As a character of sacrifice and isolation, Crooks has his own way of being empowered. He plays a cruel game with Lennie, telling him George has left for good. â€Å"‘I said s’pose George went into town tonight and you never heard of him no more.’ Crooks pressed forward some kind of private victory. ‘Just s’pose that,’ he repeated† (Steinbeck 71). Crooks, a vulnerable character, uses Lennie’s own vulnerability to feel powerful. The third example is Curley s wife. His wife is portrayed as a troublemaker who although married, flirts with other men. Curley’s wife sacrificed her happiness. She reveals to Lennie that her dream was to become a movie star, however she believed her mother was against her so when she met Curl ey, she married him the same night. â€Å"‘Nother time I met a guy, an’ he was in pitchers. Went out to the Riverside Dance Palace with him. He says he was gonna put me in the movies. Says I was a natural. Soon’s he got back to Hollywood he was gonna write to me about it†¦ I never got that letter†¦ I always thought my ol’ lady stole it†¦ I ast her if she stole it, too, and’ she says no. So I married Curley. Met him out to the Riverside Dance Palace that same night† (Steinbeck 88). She also reveals of her dissatisfaction for her marriage and husband. â€Å"Well, I ain’t told this to nobody before. Maybe I ought’n to. I don’ likeShow MoreRelatedThe Novel Of Mice And Men By John Steinbeck1211 Words   |  5 PagesIn the novel Of Mice and Men, Arthur John Steinbeck successfully creates a timeless literary novel. The novella was first published in 1937 and transcends time with compelling characters and a uniqu e plot, readers easily become invested in the book. Steinbeck takes you on an emotional roller coaster throughout the story with characters that earn the reader s sympathy from the start of the novella. Students usually read Of Mice and Men their freshman year of high school. Some people believe thatRead MoreEssay on Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck: Film vs. Novel2023 Words   |  9 PagesOf Mice and Men by John Steinbeck: Film vs. Novel The film is severely different from the novel, as the director, Gary Sinise, made deliberate changes to influence the audiences feelings and reactions. He has altered and added scenes as he saw this as necessary to create the right kind of atmosphere and to keep the plot flowing. The whole story is about two men, George and Lennie. These are very two very different characters; the novel describes them as opposites. Lennie is a veryRead MoreHow Does John Steinbeck Portray Loneliness and Isolation in the Novel â€Å"of Mice and Men†?1698 Words   |  7 PagesHow does John Steinbeck portray loneliness and isolation in the novel â€Å"Of Mice and Men†? The novel of â€Å"Of Mice and Men† was written in the time of the great depression in the 1930’s in America, this was the time in which Professional workers became Migrant workers due to the Wall Street crash in 1929. The great depression caused many professional workers to turn to working in farmland harvesting wheat. John Steinbeck published the novel of â€Å"Of Mice and Men† in 1937 it is set in Salinas, CaliforniaRead MoreOf Mice and Men. The question is how does John Steinbeck tackle social issues in the novel through the use of Crooks. Includes direct quotations from the book.782 Words   |  2 PagesOf Mice and Men In the novel, Of Mice and Men, the author, John Steinbeck, takes a strong stance against many social issues. Steinbeck voices his opinions on controversial rights such as women s rights and the treatment of migrant workers. One of the main points that Steinbeck addresses is his dislike for the treatment of African-Americans. He expresses his views through the hardship and turmoil of Crooks, the only African-American character in the novel. Crooks is looked down upon by his peersRead More John Steinbeck Essay1174 Words   |  5 PagesJohn Steinbeck A novelist is someone who writes novels, or writes a fancy work of fiction which often has a complicated plot, many major and minor characters, a significant theme, and several varied settings. A novelist will use literary devices such as characterization, tone, symbolism, imagery, and figurative language. John Steinbeck, an American novelist, uses many literary devices such as metaphors, similes, imagery, and figurative language along with excellent descriptive words to developRead MoreJohn Steinbecks Greatest Accomplishments973 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Steinbeck, born in 1902 in Salinas California to John Ernst and Olive Hamilton Steinbeck, became one of the greatest American writers of his century. Growing up Steinbeck read vigorously and was fascinated by Sir Thomas Malory’s Morte D’Arthur. It was Malory’s Morte D’Arthur that influenced Steinbeck for the rest of his life. Steinbeck graduated from Salinas High School in 1919 and attended Stanford U niversity. He took courses in science and particularly became interested in marine biology.Read MoreOf Mice and Men by John Steinbeck973 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: I. Background A. John Steinbeck was born on February 27th, 1902 in Salinas, California. 1. Salinas River was one of the few centers for shipping, farming, and agriculture a. John Steinbeck worked as an employed laborer, digging canals and working beside men similar to characters in his novels. 2. In a discussion John Steinbeck said, I worked in the same country that the story is laid in. The characters are composites to a certain extent. Lennie was a real person. Hes in an insaneRead MorePoor Decision Making In John Steinbecks Of Mice And Men1261 Words   |  6 PagesArts Honors 23 October 2017 Poor decision making can lead to your demise Justice! What does it mean to be justified? Tricking your best friend? Betraying and ending his dream? Gunning him down from behind? Well, in the book â€Å"Of Mice and Men† by John Steinbeck, two men, George and Lennie, shared and worked for the same dream until several problems occurred, when eventually their dream lead to Lennies demise. It was justified when George shot Lennie because Lennie made multiple poor mistakes, itRead MoreAmerica Is Home To Many Great Writers Whom Come Different1709 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica is home to many great writers whom come different backgrounds. American authors like John Steinbeck who add biographical elements into their pieces of writing. John Steinbeck, one of the most honorable authors of time, is known for receiving Nobel Prize, California commonwealth club medal, Pulitzer Prize, and other great accomplishments towards publishing sixteen novels. Steinbeck’s realist style of writing and life experiences impacting his life sh ow the reader he’s been through a lot inRead MoreOf Mice and Men Argumentative Essay1115 Words   |  5 PagesEssay Prompt: John Steinbeck’s novel, Of Mice and Men, has a controversial history. It has been repeatedly banned by school boards. Why might this book have been banned? Is such an action justified? In a five-paragraph essay, take a position for or against banning this novel. Use your three body paragraphs to develop each of three reasons for or against banning the novel. The Lost Portion of Human Society Right from the beginning of human civilization, books had become the vital flame that ignited

Essay Medieval Europe - Papal Reformation - 1631 Words

Since the Council of Nicaea called in the fourth century by Constantine to the early eleventh century, the Church was never established as a free standing institution. For over eight hundred years the Church had been under the authority of secular powers. Charlemagne and the Carolingians emperors saw themselves as the ones to maintain the Church materially, organizationally, and spiritually, while the pope was only an example of ideal Christian living. Social deterioration led to the corruption of the Church and its offices; simony being the biggest problem. The papacy itself was corrupted by simony and Roman politics. While reform had been taking place in the local levels for some time, the papacy was the last part of the Church to be†¦show more content†¦The next pope to further the papal reformation was Nicholas II. Pope Nicholas II built upon what Leo IX had already done. Nicholas and a council produced the Lateran synod of April 1059. The synod ended clerical marriage a nd established clergy celibacy. It also added to the strict prevention of simony. Also with the synod, Nicholas and the council made two major decisions that would shape the papacy up until today. The first of these decisions was to condemn the practice of lay investiture. â€Å"The ritual by which a lay prince â€Å"invested† a priest or bishop with the insignia of his office suggested that the ecclesiastical authority was subordinate to the secular† (Backman, 270). The papacy now condemned this seeing as the reforming popes were trying to establish the Church as an entity on its own. The Church wanted to control everything about itself and completely cut off any secular ties trying to control it. The second major decision Nicholas and the council made was mad in the Papal Election Decree of 1059. This was to ensure no pope could ever be placed in power by a secular ruler but only elected by the College of Cardinals. Backman describes it as this: †¦for all eternity the only way for any individual to become the legitimate pontiff of the Holy Catholic Church was to be freely elected to the position by the College of Cardinals. This decree removed the Holy See from the clutched of the Roman magnates, but it alsoShow MoreRelated Reformation in continental Europe and England and its consequences1616 Words   |  7 Pages Reformation is the religious revolution that took place in Western Europe in the 16th century. It arose from objections to doctrines and practices in the medieval church, loss of papal authority and credibility as well as other societal, political and economical issues of the time. This revolution had a major impact on Europe and it gave way to short term and long-term consequences, which still can be seen today. There were many causes of Reformation, some go as far back as the fourteenth centuryRead MoreReformation in Continental Europe and England and Its Consequences1611 Words   |  7 PagesReformation is the religious revolution that took place in Western Europe in the 16th century. It arose from objections to doctrines and practices in the medieval church, loss of papal authority and credibility as well as other societal, political and economical issues of the time. This revolution had a major impact on Europe and it gave way to short term and long-term consequences, which still can be seen today. There were many causes of Reformation, some go as far back as the fourteenth centuryRead MoreThe Roman Catholic Church s Influence And Governance Over Europe Throughout The Middle Ages1936 Words   |  8 PagesThis essay will identify and examine the significance of the Roman Catholic Church’s influence and governance over Europe throughout the Middle Ages. For the purposes of this essay, the Middle Ages refers to the period between the Conversion of Constantine in 313CE and the onset of the Renaissance Period during the early 14th century. In addition, this essay will examine and account for change in the institution and theology of the Roman Catholic Church. It will identify the nature and importanceRead MoreThe Christian Church in the Middle Ages Essay1114 Words   |  5 PagesChurch in the Middle Ages The Christian Church in the Middle Ages played a significant role in society. Unfortunately though, the church is often regarded as the capital of corruption, evil, and worldliness. Today, so many people depict the medieval church as being led by materialistic popes, devouring tithes from poverty-stricken peasants, having various illegitimate children, and granting indulgences for money from wayward believers. Yes, circumstances like this may have been the case, andRead MoreThe Renaissance And The Middle Ages1516 Words   |  7 Pagesfocus on humanism. William Manchester author of A World Lit Only by Fire: The Medieval Mind and the Renaissance, Portrait of an Age discusses the concept of the medieval mind, the culture of the Renaissance, and significant changes during these time periods. According to Manchester, the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Renaissance is referred to as The Shattering. The Shattering is the destruction of the medieval world view, â€Å"the im plications of the Renaissance appear to be obvious. ItRead MoreThe 95 Theses By Martin Luther982 Words   |  4 Pagesis a historical document that cause major uproars throughout Europe. The 95 Theses were written by Martin Luther in October of 1517. The 95 Theses were ninety-five statements written by Martin Luther in opposition to the Roman Catholic Church. They challenged the common practices of the Catholic Church, including indulgences and the authority of the pope. The 95 Theses sparked a theological debate that fueled the Reformation in Europe. I chose this primary source, because I feel like this is oneRead MoreHistory Of Western Civ II : A Period Of Religious Freedom953 Words   |  4 PagesValentin Professor Acevedo History of Western Civ II 1 March 2016 â€Å"Was the Sixteenth Century CE (Reformation Era) A Period of Religious Freedom In Europe† Reformation is an act of improvement in the existing form or condition of institutions or practices etc.; intended to make a striking change for the better in social or political or religious affairs. The Reformation of the sixteenth century in Europe began as an attempt to reform the practices of the Catholic Church and was sparked by Martin Luther’sRead MoreThe Structure Of Medieval Society Essay1238 Words   |  5 Pageson the structure of medieval society . The Structure of Medieval Society This essay is a revision of the first chapter in ‘The flowering of the Middle Ages’ edited by Joan Evans, published in 1966. This chapter ‘The Structure of the Medieval Society’ was written by Cristopher Brooke’. This takes the original medieval pyramid and talks about is in detail with several stories and he also expresses his own thoughts on what was going on during that time. When discussing Medieval European society, feudalismRead MoreRenaissance, Science, And Exploration : The World Remade1804 Words   |  8 PagesRemade The period of the Reformation roughly overlaps that of the Renaissance, but the two movements are distinct. How so? Discuss three major figures of the Reformation. What forms of Christianity came into being as a result of the Reformation? Compare and contrast Catholicism and the Protestant religions that rose against it. What was the Catholic reaction to the Reformation? The Reformation and the Renaissance were both major movements in Europe that changed the course of WesternRead MoreWhy Did The Renaissance Come From Northern Europe?1696 Words   |  7 PagesWhy did the Renaissance come later to northern Europe than to Italy and what were its distinctive characteristics? The Renaissance, a term coined by Giorgio Vasari in 1550 , is used to describe the period of cultural and intellectual change which started in Italy and then spread across the rest of Europe. This development in society led to Europe stepping out of the medieval era and becoming a powerhouse on a global scale. The Italian Renaissance is what the majority of people think of

Critical Thinking in Sociology - 1264 Words

The media is the world’s means to communication. Through the use of magazines, television, the internet, radios, billboards, etc., we are able to sell, advertise, and publicize materials and goods. The media has a way of eliciting, in consumers, a desire and need to obtain whatever is being advertised. The mass media is mainly ruled by an exclusive portion of our society; these elite few have the power to manipulate and capitalize on the profits made from the media. The main marketing technique the media uses is called subliminal messaging. Through the use of slight manipulations, the media appeals to our pleasure telling us that what they are offering is a necessity rather than a luxury. Not only does the media generate a selfish desire†¦show more content†¦If we can allow for love to penetrate our hearts and minds, we will see the results in how we treat others, and in turn, how they will treat us. The best way to reap kindness and love is to give it. It is a command given to us as Christians, and it is worth it. About five years ago now, I began volunteering at the nursing home in my city. I was asked to take a 94 year old woman swimming once a week. At first, I was nervous and I felt that I was not equipped to do this type of work. I was pleased to discover that I very much enjoyed my time at the pool each week. The experience was eye opening for me as I fell in love with the people that I had the joy of spending my morning with each week, laughing and splashing the lifeguard. A couple of years later, I began working at this same nursing home as a resident assistant. Yet again, my eyes were opened to a whole new world that I had not known existed until then. This world was different than the one at the swimming pool. This one was much busier. It was more about productivity than about quality care of the people. Everything about it seemed backwards. Many of the employees that I worked with made it seem like the residents were more of a hassle and a job, rather than actual people. Working in the nursing home I have seen more abuse and neglect than anywhere else. One time, I asked a fellow employee how he found working in the home, and he answered, â€Å"Well, I have worked inShow MoreRelatedThe Basic Tools Of Sociology And Sociology1034 Words   |  5 PagesArgument: In this piece, Weber outlines the basic tools of sociology and distinguishes sociology as a social science. Weber’s main message in this piece is that that social sciences should be equivalent to natural sciences, and in order to do so, laws should be made within the field. Secondly, he wanted to bring history and sociology together with causal relationships, in doing so he would also analyze the individual’s social action. He mentions that action is only social when it is oriented to theRead MoreCritical Theory, Functionalism And Symbolic Interactionism Essay1351 Words   |  6 PagesIn sociology, there are three major theories; critical theory, functionalism and symbolic interactionism. These theories express the structure of society in which each theory looks at a different aspects of sociology. Sociologists apply these theories in the study of society, but it becomes difficult if only one theory is applied. For that one applied theory, would only look at the aspect to which it is confined to. To successfully study sociology all three theories must be applied together. CriticalRead MoreFord Was An Unethical Leader.He Allowed Himself To Fall1125 Words   |  5 Pages Ford was an unethical leader. He allowed himself to fall into the ethical trap of â€Å"Worry over Image† with his alteration of the $5 Day policy and his creation of the Ford Sociology Department. â€Å"Ethical traps stem from confusion or uncertainty as to what action or behavior should be taken in a given situation. The ethical trap â€Å"Worry over Image† entails making decisions based on how they’ll impact your reputation or standing among peers, subordinates, supervisors, or community. Concerns aboutRead MoreEssay on Why Sociology Is Important to Nursing986 Words   |  4 Pagesintroduction, generally, sociology is mainly the study of society, communities and people whereas nursing is a profession which focused on assisting individuals, families, and communities in attaining, maintaining and recovering optimal health and functioning. In this assignment, I will describe the definition of Sociology, the definition of nursing and explain why sociology is very important and is relevant to nursing practice. I hope this assignment will show the relevance of sociology to nursing practiceRead MoreBriefly Outline the Distinctive Features of the Sociological Approach to Understanding Human Life and the Illustrate How You Would Use Sociology to Make Sense of Globalisation.1554 Words   |  7 PagesSociology is the systematic, sceptical and critical study of the way that people do things together .It’s not a science that simply lists facts and figures about society. Instead it becomes a form of consciousness, a way of thinking, a critical way of seeing the world. It welcomes you to challenge the obvious, to question the world as it is taken for granted and to de-familiarising the familiar. This is what empowers critical thinking which triggers the development of the understanding of the humanRead MoreWhat Is Sociolo gy?1062 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is sociology? We can start by saying that sociology is the systematic study of human society. Sociology should be more than you find in a good documentary on a social issue. It is certainly more than listings of facts and figures about society. Instead it becomes a form of consciousness a way of thinking, a critical way of seeing the social. Seeing the general in the particular. In his short book ‘Invitation to Sociology’(1963) characterized the sociological perspective as seeing the generalRead MoreSociology 210 Study Guide1129 Words   |  5 PagesThe Sociological Perspective I. The Sociological Perspective. A. Sociology is the systematic study of human society. B. The sociological perspective (Berger, 1963) helps us to see general social patterns in the behavior of particular individuals (the general in the particular). C. It also encourages us to realize that society guides our thoughts and deeds — to see the strange in the familiar (Berger, 1963). D. Sociology also encourages us to see personal choice in social context. 1. ForRead MoreCriminology And Sociology And Criminology1213 Words   |  5 Pagescriminal justice and Sociology meet and come together. Sociology is a social science where the study of the development, structure, and functioning of human society happen. Criminology is also a social science that studies crime and criminal behavior. Sociologists, by studying society and relationships, are able to determine the thoughts and actions of individuals or criminals. Each science can relate to other sciences and Criminology relates to Psychology, Sociology and more. Sociology and CriminologyRead MoreInsight Into Human Behavior in Sociology827 Words   |  4 PagesSociology is the study of societies. Sociology analyses the various social phenomena, such as ethnicity, gender, and sexuality, to gain a better understanding of the dominating values [and norms] that underpin a society’s function and provides an individual with a sense of belonging or attachment. This insight into human behaviour, both as an individual and as part of a group, has been the foundation for sociological thinking in the past and is still relevant in understanding the present and futureRead MoreSociology Imagination833 Words   |  4 Pagesthings socially, how they interact, and influence each other. The sociological imagination could also be defined as the capacity to see how sociological situations play out due to how people differ and social circumstances differ. It is a way of thinking about things in society that have led to some sort of outcome, and understanding what causes led to that outcome. Things that shape these outcomes include (but are not limited to): social norms, what people want to gain out of something (their motives

Trust and Equity Law Instruments of Fraud

Question: Describe about the Trust and Equity Law of Instruments of Fraud. Answer: In the given situation Sanjeev prior to his death had made a valid will and bequeathed upon his daughter Ishani the farm on the Isle of Wright together with all its contents and to Amal his cousin all of 30,000 shares in Harcombe Plc. Darshan and Jamil, on the other hand, claim that prior to his death Sanjeev had promised Darshan the farm on the Isle of Wright by way of writing and to Jamil the 30,000 shares in Harcombe Plc. As per Amal, however, the share transfer forms had already been completed by Sanjeev in his favor, and was awaiting only the confirmation the Board of Directors of the Company. The Law of Probate states that a testator who wants to leave behind his property in a trust must mention the same as his intention in the will. However, there may be a secret trust in the event that the testator is not willing to name the beneficiary in whose favour he wants to leave behind the property publicly. In this situation on the will he makes the gift of the property to the beneficiaries named therein however mentions it to them then they shall be holding the property in favour of beneficiaries who are unnamed. There have been doctrinal difficulties with the secret trust recognition as there is contravention that is apparent with the Wills Act 1837, Section 9. It is required under this Section that all testamentary dispositions are to be signed by the testator and should be in writing along with the witness. Thus in the given case of Sanjeev's testimony, it is possible that there is a secret trust that has been formed by Sanjeev in the favour of Darshan and Jameel. This secr et trust is primarily of two types (a) a fully secret trust the fully seceret trust's validity had been accepted and established in the case of McCormick vs. Gorgan[1] by the House of Lords and (b) a half secret trust is a trust where the existence of the same appears in the will. However, there are no formal terms that appear in it. In the given situation of Darsh and Jameel, it could be a fully secret however there are certain criterions that need to be complied with for it to be a secret trust, in the given case for the trust to exist all the criterions have not been satisfied. In a trust that is fully secret trust the will of trust and its terms are not mentioned in the will. The oral evidence of trustee and testator is sufficient generally in these kinds of trust. However, there should be an intention on the part of the testator for the creation of such trust. However, it must be noted that in the case of such trust it is necessary that there should be communication of the intention to the trustee, and either impliedly or expressly there must be acceptance by the trustee of the same. There must have been an intention on the part of the testator to create a trust in this form, and there must have been communication of the trust and its terms to the trustee who has been proposed prior to the will's execution, these terms also should have been accepted by the trustee. It was held in the case of Blackwell vs. Blackwell[2] that there are three necessary elements to this secret trust (a) intention, (b) communication and (c) acquiescence. The intention of the testator is that the entire gift should be utilized in a manner of his will and not the desires of the done, this intention is told to the donee and either by way of tacit or express promise which is indicated through acquiescence, there is encouragement by the proposed done for bequeathing of money in the faith that there is a carrying out of the intention. However due to there being a lack of evidence with respect to the terms and existence there is a slight awkwardness in fully secret trust.[3] The test for proving whether a fully secret trust was in existence was set out in the case of Ottaway vs. Norman[4]. This test it that the person to whom there is an imposition of the trust is the primary donee' and under the trust the beneficiary will be the secondary donee'. Elements that are essentia l to be proved are (i) there must have been an intention on the part of the testator for subjecting the primary donee with the obligation which is in the secondary donee's favour; (ii) the intention should be communicated to the primary donee; and (iii) the obligation must be accepted by the primary donee wither by acquiescence. It however not material whether the elements succeed or precede the donor's will. Therefore for a fully secret trust to valid, it is to be proved that an intention was there to create the trust which was communicated to the trustee, and these obligations had been accepted by the trustee. Intention as one of the requirements applies to the fully secret trusts in the same manner as it applies to other trusts.[5] The second requirement is that of communication to the trustee of both the terms as well as the secret trust to the trustee this may be done after the will has been written however it must be prior to the death of the person[6] if there is no communication then the trust would be void. Kay J. in the case of Re Boyes[7] opined that communication means that there should be a chance given to the trustee for refusing the office, and as such, after death, the same cannot be done.[8] Lastly, it is necessary that the trustee accepts his office. In the case Wallgrave vs. Tebbs[9] the two manners in which this could be done was set out by Wood VC when he stated[10] that where a person knows that disposition is being made by testator in his favour the intention of the same is application for purposes that are for benefits other than his, either promises expressly, or by implied silence that the intention of the testator shall be carried out in this effect it is upon the faith of that understan ding or promise that the property is left to him[11]. Therefore the communication of the acceptance can be in two ways either by direct stating of the trustee of his acceptance or by not denying implying the same.[12] In the case of Darshan and Jameel, the claim of a secret trust would be difficult to establish as their needs to be compliance with the three requirements as set down in the cases of Ottaway and Blackwell. However it seems from the facts of the case mentioned that there was no intimation that was given and in a fully secret trust where in there are no words that impose the trust in the case that there is no communication to the legatee during the lifetime of the testator then the will shall taken effect as being to the legate a beneficial gift.[13] Also it seems that there was no opportunity that was given to the beneficiaries under the Ishani and Amal and as given in the case of Re Boyes wherein it was opined that two documents that were unattested would not be sufficient for constitution communication of the trust's terms as there was no opportunity that was given to the trustee for refusing the same. Similarly in Darshan and Jameel's case though there is a written letter and a bla nk share transfer form which as claimed by them had been handed over to them by Sanjeev however these are unattested documents and there is no proof that similar intimation had been given to Ishani and Amal as well. Thus, it can be stated that in the case of Jameel and Darshan the only requirement that is being fulfilled is that of intention of the testator. However from the facts, it seems that the same has not been communicated, and neither has there been acceptance of this trust. The intention has however been established with certainty as he has given in writing to Darsh the farm at the Isle of Wright and to however what is not clearly indicated that Sanjeev wanted to appoint Ishani and Amal as primary donee to hold as the trust for Jameel and Darshan. In the case Re Snowden[14] it was held that communication must be of both the terms of the trust and the facts of the trust, communicating the trusts extent and this communication is required to be made before the testators death.[15] It is required for the trustee intended to accept to hold the property as trust. In Jameel and Darshans case from the fact it seems that both Ishani and Amal had not been made aware of the fact that the property was to be held in trust and that there was intention on the part of Sanjeev to have it transferred to Jameel and Darshan, due to lack of evidence regarding the same it would be difficult to establish that a secret trust existed in favour of Jameel and Darshan. There are however two theories that can be used to justify the situation for Jameel and Darshan. The first theory is the fraud theory. This theory is based on the fact that the statute shall not be permitted by equity to be used as an instrument of fraud. The denial of trust is prevented under the operation of fraud theory based on statutory formalities that are unsatisfactory. It was in the case of Rouchefoucauld v. Boustead[16] that this theory gained support. The other theory is that of Dehors the Will Theory which it is argued that the operation of the secret trust is outside the will. However, both these theories are very unreliable with respect to the acceptance of evidence and cannot be relied on in this case as there is no evidence of the fact that there was communication with the donee under the will Ishani and Amal that such trust would exist. In conclusion, it can be stated that there was no secret trust between the parties as, if there is a secret trust, it is necessary that there should be some kind of evidence for making it enforceable. This can be a written or oral evidence but as in an express trust must clearly indicate that there is an intention for the creation of the trust.[17] Just mere hope or words that are precatory are not sufficient.[18] In the case of Jameel and Amal, it can be said that there was a mere hope that a secret trust would exist but not enough evidence to prove the same. Further as discussed communication is an essential party the trustee must be made aware of the trust otherwise the conscience of the trustee would not be bound. Agreement to such terms is also necessary. As in the case of Wallgrave v Tebbs[19] where no communication was made to Mr. Martin and Mr. Tebbs that they would be holding the property as trustee, and it was only after the death of the testator that this fact emerged it w as opined that they would be holding the property absolutely. Thus where there no establishment of a secret trust the beneficiary under the will shall hold outright, however, if the terms of the trust are not known but the fact that the secret trust exists is known then the would-be trustee will embrace on consequential trust for the estate of the testator.[20] It is advisable that Jameel and Darshan bring in evidence indicating that both Ishani and Amal were communicated of transfer of property and that they had accepted that they would only been the beneficiaries under the will and acting as a trustee for Darshan and Amal, without such proof there would be no claim that Darshan and Amal can have over the property bequeathed to Ishani and Amal under the will. References Critchley P, 'Instruments Of Fraud, Testamentary Dispositions And The Doctrine Of Secret Trusts' [2000] Law Quarterly Review Goldsworth J, 'Case Note: Half Secret Trusts: The Beginning Of A Change?' (1999) 5 Trusts Trustees Haley M and McMurtry L,Equity Trusts(Sweet Maxwell 2006) Hudson A,Equity And Trusts(Routledge-Cavendish 2007) Mee J, 'Half-Secret Trusts In England And Ireland' [2009] Conveyancer and Property Lawyer Pettit P,Equity And The Law Of Trusts(11th edn, Butterworths 2009) Blackwell vs Blackwell[1929] AC 218 McCormick vs Gorgan[1869] LR 4 HL 82 Iain McDonald and Anne Street, Equity Trusts (Oxford University Press 2009). Ottaway vs Norman[1972] 2 WLR 50 E Penner, The Law Of Trusts (Oxford University Press 2006). Re Boyes[1884] 26 Ch D 531 Re Snowden[1979] 2 All ER 172) Rouchefoucauld v Boustead[1897] 1 Ch 196 Wallgrave v Tebbs[1855] 2 K J 313 Wilkie M, Malcolm R and Luxton P, Equity Trusts (Oxford University Press 2004) [1] McCormick vs Gorgan [1869] LR 4 HL 82. [2] Blackwell vs Blackwell [1929] AC 218. [3] Margaret Wilkie, Rosalind Malcolm and Peter Luxton, Equity Trusts (Oxford University Press 2004). [4] Ottaway vs Norman [1972] 2 WLR 50. [5] Alastair Hudson, Equity And Trusts (Routledge-Cavendish 2007). [6] John Mee, 'Half-Secret Trusts In England And Ireland' [2009] Conveyancer and Property Lawyer. [7] Re Boyes [1884] 26 Ch D 531. [8] Supra 4 [9] Wallgrave vs Tebbs [1855] 25 LJ Ch 241. [10] Ibid [11] Supra 4 at 278 [12] Supra 4 at 279 [13] Michael A Haley and Lara McMurtry, Equity Trusts (Sweet Maxwell 2006). [14] Re Snowden [1979] 2 All ER 172). [15] McDonald I and Street A, Equity Trusts (Oxford University Press 2009) [16] Rouchefoucauld v Boustead [1897] 1 Ch 196. [17] Philip Henry Pettit, Equity And The Law Of Trusts (11th edn, Butterworths 2009). [18] Supra 12 [19] Wallgrave v Tebbs [1855] 2 K J 313. [20] P. Critchley, 'Instruments Of Fraud, Testamentary Dispositions And The Doctrine Of Secret Trusts' [2000] Law Quarterly Review.

Harry Chapin poetry essay Example For Students

Harry Chapin poetry essay Cats in the Cradle Poetry Essay chose this song as my poem for my project because I felt Like the story that it tells Is common in todays society. I liked this song because although it is sad, it has an upbeat and very catchy chorus that has deeper meaning. With many songs of today, they sacrifice deeper meaning for catchy lyrics that dont really mean anything. I think this song Is about a man that has a son but Is very busy with work and never has time for the son. The son keeps on saying that he is going to be just like his father ND as he gets older, the son begins to have no time for his dad. This is a very sad song but I enjoyed that Harry Chapin was able to tell this story in such a creative way. Harry Chapin uses multiple literary devices In the song Cats In the Cradle. One literary device would be foreshadowing. Foreshadowing Is used when the little boy says, Im goanna be like you dad, you know Im goanna be like you. In the end of the song the son is always too busy to spend time with his dad just like the dad was too busy to spend time with the son. Foreshadowing Is used when the son told the dad that hes going to be the same as him. In the end this comes true. A second literary device that Chapin used was symbolism, when Chapin says, Little boy blue and the man on the moon he is using symbolism to refer to the son and the dad. These two symbols have multiple meanings. The little boy blue is the son and the little boy blue comes from an old nursery rhyme. In the nursery rhyme Is says little boy blue come blow your horn. I find that the son asking his dad to spend time with him is the little ay blue blowing his horn and trying to get attention. The father is seen as the man on the moon. I believe that the father is symbolized as the man on the moon because he is constantly traveling and never has time to spend with his son. Astronauts are gone from their fearfulness for months at a time and this Is how I find Harry Chaplin relates the dads constant business trips to. This song tells of a father and son who cant schedule time to be with each other, and its a warning against putting your career before your own family. The verses tell a story of a father with his newborn son. Although the dad gets the necessities of raising a child accomplished, he doesnt allow himself to put in quality time with his son because of his career. This seems like no big deal because of his life working and paying bills. Over time, both father and son change roles. The father realizes his sons ambitions and goals of college, grades, and driving and wants to spend more time with him. But realizes that now his son has no time for him. In the last verse, the son is all grown up with a job and kids f his own. We see that the son has no time to spend with his father. Sadly, dad realizes that his boy has become Just like him. This song is based on a poem that Hardys wife Sandy wrote. Harry Introduced the song at all his concerts and said, This is a song my wife wrote to zap me because I wasnt home when our son Josh was born. It took the birth of his son for Harry Chapin to decide to turn the poem into a song. Harry Chapin poetry essay By Suitabilitys I chose this song as my poem for my project because I felt like the story that it tells is his song is about a man that has a son but is very busy with work and never has time for the son. .u27240a0c41961e040ef59bf224fdce02 , .u27240a0c41961e040ef59bf224fdce02 .postImageUrl , .u27240a0c41961e040ef59bf224fdce02 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u27240a0c41961e040ef59bf224fdce02 , .u27240a0c41961e040ef59bf224fdce02:hover , .u27240a0c41961e040ef59bf224fdce02:visited , .u27240a0c41961e040ef59bf224fdce02:active { border:0!important; } .u27240a0c41961e040ef59bf224fdce02 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u27240a0c41961e040ef59bf224fdce02 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u27240a0c41961e040ef59bf224fdce02:active , .u27240a0c41961e040ef59bf224fdce02:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u27240a0c41961e040ef59bf224fdce02 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u27240a0c41961e040ef59bf224fdce02 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u27240a0c41961e040ef59bf224fdce02 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u27240a0c41961e040ef59bf224fdce02 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u27240a0c41961e040ef59bf224fdce02:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u27240a0c41961e040ef59bf224fdce02 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u27240a0c41961e040ef59bf224fdce02 .u27240a0c41961e040ef59bf224fdce02-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u27240a0c41961e040ef59bf224fdce02:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: West Indian Poetry Analysis EssayThe son keeps on saying that he is going to be Just like his father Harry Chapin uses multiple literary devices in the song Cats in the Cradle. One literary device would be foreshadowing. Foreshadowing is used when the little boy song the son is always too busy to spend time with his dad Just like the dad was too busy to spend time with the son. Foreshadowing is used when the son told the dad comes from an old nursery rhyme.